Gambling Disorders – What Makes Some People Vulnerable to Gambling?

Gambling involves risking something of value on an activity whose outcome is predominantly determined by chance in the hope of realizing a profit. It has existed in virtually every society since prerecorded history and has often been incorporated into local customs and rites of passage throughout the ages. While most people gamble without problem, a small subset develops a pathological gambling disorder, characterized by severe problems with impulse control and an inability to stop gambling even when doing so causes significant distress or impairment. Understanding what makes some individuals vulnerable to developing gambling disorders could ultimately lead to better strategies for prevention and treatment.

When a person becomes addicted to gambling, it usually changes the reward pathway in his or her brain, which reduces the brain’s ability to differentiate between true and false rewards. A gambler’s reward system will begin to reinforce behavior that has a high probability of yielding positive results, such as throwing darts into a board. The reward from repeated success will encourage the gambler to take more risks, which in turn increases the chances of winning and losing.

In addition to altering the reward pathways in the brain, problem gambling can cause emotional and behavioral changes that can be harmful to personal and family relationships, work, school, and other social activities. Problematic gambling can cause anxiety, depression, and feelings of guilt or shame. People with these symptoms may have trouble maintaining friendships and relationships, find it difficult to concentrate at work, or struggle with insomnia and nightmares.

Many of these problems can be addressed with behavioral therapy and medications. However, in order for a therapy program to be successful, the individual must take responsibility for his or her own behaviors and seek help when needed. This can be done by talking to a trusted friend or family member, a counselor, and/or joining a peer support group such as Gamblers Anonymous, which is modeled after Alcoholics Anonymous.

It is also important to recognize that people who struggle with problem gambling are not necessarily lazy, impulsive, or uncaring. Although they may have some of these traits, they are also a unique population that has many personal and family issues to contend with, including difficulties in their everyday lives. They are often isolated from their family and friends because they don’t want to burden them with their problems. Instead, they may have developed a habit of gambling to self-soothe unpleasant emotions and avoid boredom. It is important to find healthier ways of relieving these feelings, such as exercising, spending time with friends who don’t gamble, and practicing relaxation techniques. Getting help for a gambling problem can be easier than you think. The first step is to connect with a professional counselor today. Our licensed counselors are familiar with this disorder and can provide expert help at home, on your schedule.