Pathological Gambling
Gambling involves placing a wager, typically with money or other items of value, on an event that has an element of chance and offers the potential for a large prize. It can take place in casinos, lotteries, online, and in private settings such as homes. It is a common leisure activity and is often considered to be socially acceptable. However, gambling is also an addictive activity that can lead to severe financial and psychological problems. This type of problem gambling is known as pathological gambling (PG), and it is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition as an impulse control disorder.
There are several different types of psychotherapy that can help people with a gambling addiction. These therapies can include psychodynamic therapy, which focuses on unconscious processes that influence behavior, and cognitive behavioral therapy, which helps people change unhelpful thinking and behaviors. There are also a number of self-help support groups, such as Gamblers Anonymous, that use peer support to help people stop gambling.
The vast majority of adults and adolescents in the United States gamble. Most do so without any problems, but a subset of gamblers develop a problem that is so severe that they have trouble controlling their gambling behaviors. This is called pathological gambling (PG). PG can have serious consequences for the gambler and his or her family. It can interfere with a person’s work, education, and personal relationships. It can also cause health problems, including depression and anxiety. Those who have a PG disorder are at higher risk for alcohol and substance abuse.
It is estimated that between 0.1% and 1.6% of Americans meet criteria for a PG diagnosis. The disease usually starts in adolescence or young adulthood and can develop over time. Men are more likely to have a PG diagnosis than women, and they tend to start gambling at a younger age.
Some researchers have suggested that a combination of factors contributes to a person’s proneness to gambling. These factors may include genetics, personality traits, and coexisting mental illness. However, research into this area has been limited by the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria and methods for measuring the severity of a gambling problem.
It’s important to recognize that a loved one’s problem gambling is not his or her fault. Many people gamble for coping reasons – to forget their worries, to feel more confident, or to relieve depression. If you can understand these reasons, you’ll be able to avoid blaming or judging your loved one. You can also encourage him or her to seek professional help, such as counseling. Changing unhealthy habits can be tough, but it’s worth the effort. A good counselor can help you understand your loved one’s compulsion to gamble and offer strategies for changing the behavior. They can also teach you how to handle your own emotions and find healthy ways to manage stress. In addition, they can help you strengthen your support network and find healthy ways to spend your time.